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基于区域多参量动态对比法的地面人工增雨作业技术优化研究

Study on optimization of cloud seeding ground operation technology based on regional multi-parameters dynamic contrast method

  • 摘要: 为了优化地面人工增雨作业技术,提出了区域多参量动态对比法(以下简称K值法),并使用该方法对2015—2017年选取的26次地面增雨作业,从不同参量、不同作业工具、不同作业剂量和不同作业方式等方面进行效果统计检验。结果表明:地面催化作业有较好的增雨效果,作业后3 h内的增雨率为14.4%,2 h时增雨效果最好;不同作业工具比较,火箭增雨速度快且增雨率大,增雨效果比高炮好;不同作业剂量比较,单次高炮作业剂量N≤35发、单次火箭作业剂量2 < N≤5枚为充分播撒;不同作业方式比较,连续多次作业(两次作业时间间隔1 h之内,作业点距离5~7 km)比单次作业增雨率高11.2%,连续作业增雨效果更好;在2018—2020年13次地面增雨作业中应用了上述优化技术,与2015—2017年选取的26次作业相比,平均K值提高了30.6%,增雨率提高了6%,与同期7次未应用优化技术的作业相比,平均雨量K值高0.85,K>1的时效延长1 h,技术优化效果明显。

     

    Abstract: In order to optimize the cloud seeding ground operation technology, 26 operations were selected for the study from cloud seeding ground operations in 2015-2017, and a regional multi-parameters dynamic contrast method (K-value method for short) was proposed. The K-value method was used to evaluate the operation effects brought by different equipments, number of shells, and methods of operation. The results show that the ground operation has a good rainfall enhancement effect, the rainfall enhancement rate within 3 hours after operation is 14.4%, and the effect is the best at 2 hours. The rocket has a faster rainfall increase speed and a larger rainfall increase rate, the effect brought by rocket is better than the antiaircraft gun. When the number of shells in a single antiaircraft gun operation is N≤35, or the number of shells in a single rocket operation is 2 < N≤5, the effect is better. The rainfall enhancement rate of successive operations (within 1 hour interval between two operations, and the distance between the operation sites is 5~7 km) is 11.2% higher than that of single operation, the effect of successive operations is better. The above optimization techniques were applied in 13 operations selected from ground operations in 2018-2020. Compared with the above 26 operations selected from 2015 to 2017, the average K value increased by 30.6%, and the rainfall enhancement rate increased by 6%. Compared with 7 operations without optimization techniques in the same period, the K value was higher than 0.85, and the aging time of K>1 was prolonged by 1 h. The optimization technology had obvious effect.

     

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