Abstract: This study investigates the spatial-temporal characteristics of short-duration heavy rainfall (SDR) in Zhejiang Province during the pre-flood season (April to May), plum rain season (June to July) and midsummer (August to September) using the minute and hour rain gauge data collected by automatic weather stations in Zhejiang Province during flood season (April to September) from 2018 to 2022. The spatial-temporal differences of SDR based on minute and hour rainfall data are compared, and the characteristics of the heavy rainfall processes in high incidence areas are analyzed. The results are as follows. (1) East coastal area and southwestern mountain area are the high incidence areas of the SDR, and the intensity of the SDR is stronger in East coastal area than other areas. The SDR events in the eastern coastal area mainly occur from late afternoon to early evening during the plum rain season and midsummer, and the SDR events in the southwestern mountainous area mainly occur from early morning to mid-afternoon during the plum rain season. (2) Compared to the analyses based on the minute rain gauge data, the spatial-temporal characteristics of SDR revealed by the hour rain gauge data is similar to that based on the hour minute gauge data, but the hours of SDR is smaller and the intensity of SDR is weaker, with about 30% less hours and about 20% less intensity. (3) In the eastern coastal region, the frequency and intensity of the SDR increases from the pre-flood season to midsummer, with the prolonged duration and larger rainfall efficiency. In the southwestern mountainous areas, the frequency, intensity and duration of the SDR peak during the plum rain season, while the seasonal variation of precipitation efficiency reaches its minimum in the plum rain season and maximum in the midsummer. (4) The time scales of SDR events are similar across different high-incidence regions, mainly ranging from 35 to 55 minutes. At the beginning of the SDR process, the rainfall intensity increases rapidly, reaching its peak at about 10 to 15 minutes, and gradually decreases after about 20 minutes. Statistical analyses indicate that 2 mm·5 min⁻¹ and 5 mm·10 min⁻¹ are effective warning indicators for SDR events, and 5 mm·5 min⁻¹ is the initial indicator for extreme SDR events.