Abstract: How to leverage its functional advantages to effectively mitigate and address the risks and challenges caused by extreme weather is an urgent issue that needs to be discussed in meteorological service practice. On the night of August 17, 2022, an extreme short-term heavy rainfall event occurred in northeastern Qinghai Province, leading to mountain flood disasters in Datong Hui and Tu Autonomous County in Xining City, which resulted in significant economic losses and casualties. Based on the characteristics of the short-duration extreme precipitation event and the resulting mountain flood disaster in Datong, combined with reviewing the meteorological emergency service process during the disaster, this study summarizes the problems in the meteorological emergency service and puts forward four suggestions for improving the meteorological emergency services in response to the mountain flood disasters in Qinghai in the future. These four suggestions are: (1) build meteorological disaster emergency response plans that reflect regional characteristics, (2) improve the meteorological monitoring station network to cover all relevant elements, (3) establish the meteorological disaster emergency response coordination mechanisms, and (4) strengthen meteorological science popularization with rich content and diverse forms.