Abstract: This study aims to understand the microphysical characteristics of typhoon rainstorms at the top and foot of Mount Tai, based on the data from precipitation phenomenon instruments, automatic weather stations and tropical cyclone optimal path dataset. The Gamma function fitting method was used to compare and analyze the raindrop size characteristics at the top and the foot of the Mount Tai during four typhoon rainstorms. The results show that. (1) The raindrop of "Yagi" and "Rumbia" ("Lekima" and "In-Fa") have obvious (unclear) evaporative effects at the top of the mountain, from the peak of the same height falling to the foot of the mountain, the raindrop of "Yagi" and "Rumbia" show more significant breakup effects, the raindrop of "Lekima" exhibits notable evaporation, breakup, and coalescence effects, and the raindrop of "In-Fa" demonstrates more pronounced evaporation and breakup effects. (2) Convective precipitation from "Yagi", "Rumbia", and "Lekima" at the summit includes both continental and maritime raindrop spectrum characteristics, primarily forming through warm rain-ice phase mixing and ice phase mechanisms. At the base, it is predominantly maritime, with the formation mechanism mainly involving coalescence growth in warm clouds. In contrast, "In-Fa" are predominantly maritime at the summit and base. (3) For the four typhoon rainfalls, form factor (μ) and slope parameters (λ) decrease with increasing rainfall intensity (R), the μ-λ relationship shows little difference, and the correlation of typhoon paths is stronger at the summit than at the base. The mass-weighted average diameter (D_m) and normalized intercept parameter logarithms (lgN_w) of the four typhoon rainfalls increase with increasing R. The increase in R at both the summit and base for "Yagi", "Rumbia", and "Lekima" is mainly influenced by the increase in D_m, with lgN_w as a secondary factor. However, for "In-Fa" at the base, the increase in R is solely influenced by the increase in D_m.