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2022年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程简述

Major heavy rainfall events in China from April to October in 2022

  • 摘要: 利用中国大陆2 400多站日降水资料(北京时20—20时)和常规天气图资料,以1991—2020年30 a平均降水量为气候态,统计2022年4—10月我国主要暴雨天气过程,概述各主要暴雨过程的重要影响系统、出现时段、范围及累积降水量。结果表明:2022年4—10月我国共出现188个暴雨日、30次主要暴雨过程,其中8月9次,6月6次,7月5次,9月4次,4月3次,5月2次,10月1次。30次主要暴雨过程中有5次由热带气旋登陆或影响所致,其中7月1-7日台风“暹芭”暴雨,是影响范围最广、持续时间最长的一次重大暴雨事件, 7月2日海南三亚出现的421.6 mm的降水为当年全国最大日降水量。本年度最大过程雨量达688.4 mm,出现在广东韶关(6月17—21日),该过程系由低涡、切变线以及低空急流共同影响所致。

     

    Abstract: Utilizing daily precipitation data from over 2400 stations across mainland China (from 20:00 to 20:00) and conventional weather chart data, the average precipitation from 1991 to 2020 was taken as the climatology. A statistical analysis of the main heavy rain weather processes in China from April to October 2022 was conducted, outlining the main influencing systems, occurrence periods, extent, and accumulated precipitation of each major rainstorm process. From April to October 2022, China experienced a total of 188 heavy rain days and 30 major heavy rain events. Among these, there were 9 occurrences in August, 6 in June, 5 in July, 4 in September, 3 in April, 2 in May, and 1 in October. Out of the 30 major heavy rain events, 5 were caused by the landing or influence of tropical cyclones. Among them, the heavy rain from July 1st to 7th due to Typhoon "Xenbia" was the most widespread and longest-lasting significant rainstorm event, with 421.6 mm of precipitation recorded in Sanya, Hainan, on July 2nd, marking the highest daily precipitation in the country for that year. The maximum accumulated rainfall for a single event in the year reached 688.4 mm, occurring in Shaoguan, Guangdong (from June 17th to 21st), and was caused by the combined effects of a low vortex, shear line, and low-level jet.

     

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