Abstract: The conventional meteorological observations data, regional automatic weather observation station data, Doppler radar data and NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data were used to contrast and analyze the two continuous extra heavy rain processes (hereinafter referred to as “7.17”process and“7.19”process respectively) in Henan from July 16 to 19, 2010 and the low vortex characteristics in the two processes.The results show that the low vortex in“7.17”process developed in the west of the Huanghe-Huaihe region, and the low vortex in“7.19”process is Southwest China vortex originated in Sichuan Basin, and later developed and strengthened in Henan. The interaction between strong southwest warm and wet airflow on the edge of subtropical high and cold air spreading from north to south is favorable to form and develop the mesoscale vortex over the western Huanghe-Huaihe region. The typhoon far away and the southerly warm and wet airflow on the edge of subtropical high moving northwards provided sufficient moisture condition for the heavy rain processes. The narrow band echoes in southeast side of vortexes’centre caused severe convective weather such as heavy rain and tornadoes, while the inflow zone with northeast airflow in north side of vortexes’centre is the main region of severe precipitation too. In the two processes, there are distinct energy front zones, however, the severe precipitation in“7.17”process was mainly generated under convective instability and，had high rainfall intensity, and the severe precipitation in“7.19”process was mainly generated under weak convective instability or neutral stratification and, had relatively weak rainfall intensity. The dynamic structure with coupling of strong convergence in the mid- and low-level and divergence in the upper level is in favor of the development of low vortex and vertical ascending movement, and also can strengthen the convergence and uplift of moisture. Diagnosis on the budget of vorticity shows that vortexes in the two processes are in the stages of vigorous development, and those divergence term and distortion term are the important factors resulted in the development of low vortex in the mid- and low-level in Huanghe-Huaihe region.