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江南区域性平流雾的物理量统计特征

Statistical analysis of the physical quantities of regional advection fogs in south of the Yangtze River

  • 摘要: 利用2000—2012年常规高空和地面资料以及NCEP/NCAR逐6 h再分析资料(水平分辨率1°×1°),筛选出发生在我国江南地区(23°—32°N、110°—122°E)的54例区域性平流雾过程,分析该地区产生区域性平流雾时的逆温、变温、低层湿度和垂直速度等物理量,得到区域性平流雾的统计特征(值)。结果表明:(1)江南平流雾低层存在明显暖平流,925 hPa暖平流要强于850 hPa;(2)平流雾过程一般具有单层逆温、等温层和多层逆温结构,925 hPa存在一正变温大值区自广西向东延伸至浙闽一带,有利于江南逆温结构建立;平流雾雾顶高度要低于辐射雾雾顶高度;(3)平流雾低层925—850 hPa相对湿度从夜晚到次日08时呈增大趋势,500 hPa相对湿度则呈减小趋势,地面相对湿度超过90%的可能性很大;(4)区域性平流雾发生时,边界层大气既有上升运动,也有下沉运动,925 hPa垂直速度为-0.1~0.2 Pa·s-1

     

    Abstract: Routine upper-air and surface observations, and NCEP 6-hourly reanalysis data with 1°×1° resolution from 2000 to 2012 were used to select 54 advection fog events occurred in south of the Yangtze River (23°-32°N, 110°-122°E) in China, from which we have obtained the statistics of regional advection fogs by analyzing physical quantities such as inversion, temperature difference, low-level humidity and vertical velocity when regional advection fogs occurred. The results show that (1) warm advection is evident in the low-level when regional advection fogs occurred in south of the Yangtze River, and it is stronger at 925 hPa than at 850 hPa. (2) There is generally one-layer inversion, isothermal layer or multilayer inversion structure in advection fog events. A great positive value center of temperature difference at 925 hPa extends eastward from Guangxi to Zhejiang and Fujian, which is propitious to the establishment of the inversion structure. The top height of advection fog is lower than that of radiation fog. (3) The relative humidity between 925 hPa and 850 hPa tends to increase from nocturnal to 08:00 BT of the following day with the occurrence of advection fog. Moreover, it tends to be low at 500 hPa while mostly exceeding 90% in ground level. (4) The vertical velocity at 925 hPa changes from -0.1 to 0.2 Pa·s-1 when regional advection fogs occurred.

     

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