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朱蕾, 王清平, 王勇, 赵克明. 2020: 乌鲁木齐两次极端暴雪天气过程对比分析. 暴雨灾害, 39(3): 225-233. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2020.03.002
引用本文: 朱蕾, 王清平, 王勇, 赵克明. 2020: 乌鲁木齐两次极端暴雪天气过程对比分析. 暴雨灾害, 39(3): 225-233. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2020.03.002
ZHU Lei, WANG Qingping, WANG Yong, ZHAO Keming. 2020: Comparative analysis of two extreme blizzard processes in Urumqi. Torrential Rain and Disasters, 39(3): 225-233. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2020.03.002
Citation: ZHU Lei, WANG Qingping, WANG Yong, ZHAO Keming. 2020: Comparative analysis of two extreme blizzard processes in Urumqi. Torrential Rain and Disasters, 39(3): 225-233. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1004-9045.2020.03.002

乌鲁木齐两次极端暴雪天气过程对比分析

Comparative analysis of two extreme blizzard processes in Urumqi

  • 摘要: 利用常规观测资料、地面自动站、NCAR/NCEP FNL 1°×1°再分析资料和FY2E卫星云图对2014年12月7-8日、2015年12月10-12日发生在新疆天山北坡乌鲁木齐地区的两次有气象记录以来的极端暴雪天气过程,从水汽、不稳定条件、动力、温湿层结及中尺度特征方面进行对比分析,得出如下结论:(1)500 hPa高空槽、700 hPa短波槽和850 hPa切变线是这两次过程共同的影响系统,两次过程500 hPa均有明显西南急流和-36℃冷中心,700 hPa和850 hPa均有明显西北气流相配合。(2)两次过程中整层较大的比湿和水汽通量散度输送为暴雪提供了充足的水汽条件。(3)风场辐合与天山地形抬升产生的强上升气流和强辐合为暴雪的形成提供了有利的动力条件。(4)两次过程发生前,乌鲁木齐上空低层均有东南风层控制,存在逆温,有利于能量聚集。但是由于两次过程环流形势、水汽分布、能量聚集程度及中尺度特征有所不同,因此两个过程的降雪量存在明显差别,对城市的影响程度也有差异。其中"12.11"过程中尺度系统影响时间更长、冷中心更强,造成的降雪天气更为罕见。

     

    Abstract: Using conventional observation data,auto-weather station data,NCEP/FNL (1°×1°) reanalysis data,comparative analysis on the water vapor condition,instability and dynamic condition has been carried out for two extreme blizzard events happened in north slope of Tian-Shan Mountain. Results indicate the following. (1) 500 hPa high-level trough,700 hPa short wave trough and 850 hPa shear line are the common systems associated with the two extreme blizzard events. (2) In both events,there were southwest jet and -36℃ cold center on 500 hPa,and northwest jet on 700 hPa and 850 hPa. High water vapor flux and water vapor flux divergence throughout all layers provide good water vapor condition. (3) Wind field convergence and strong updraft produced by Tianshan Mountain topographic uplift give the bliz-zard events strong dynamic condition. (4) In both two events,there were southeast wind controling the upper levels over Urumqi. The inver-sion layer is favorable to accumulating unstable energy. But the different circulation situation,water vapor distribution,and energy aggrega-tion cause different snowfall thickness and urban impact.

     

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